YUM 與 RPM 皆可安裝、移除、查詢及升級套件,差別在於 YUM 可透過網路自動下載安裝與升級的套件。
本人常用的三個伺服器
- 中華電信:http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/6.3/os/x86_64/
- 台灣高品質學術研究網路:http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/CentOS/6.3/os/x86_64/
- 國立中山大學:ftp://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix-like/CentOS/6.3/os/x86_64/
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nsysu.repo
[nsysu]
name=nsysu
baseurl=ftp://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix-like/CentOS/6.3/os/i386/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=ftp://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix-like/CentOS/6.3/os/i386//RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
upgrade/downgrade:升級/降級套件
範例:升級 rpm 套件
# yum upgrade [-y] rpm // -y 自動安裝
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* extras: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* updates: centosa5.centos.org
......
Dependencies Resolved
==================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==================================================================================
Updating:
rpm i686 4.8.0-27.el6 base 898 k
Updating for dependencies:
rpm-libs i686 4.8.0-27.el6 base 313 k
rpm-python i686 4.8.0-27.el6 base 53 k
Transaction Summary
==================================================================================
Upgrade 3 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: 詢問是否安裝
info:查詢套件資訊
範例:查詢 vsftpd 套件資訊
# yum info vsftpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* extras: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* updates: centosa5.centos.org
Installed Packages
Name : vsftpd
Arch : i686
Version : 2.2.2
Release : 11.el6
Size : 344 k
Repo : installed
From repo : base
Summary : Very Secure Ftp Daemon
URL : http://vsftpd.beasts.org/
License : GPLv2 with exceptions
Description : vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from : scratch.
search:搜尋套件
範例:搜尋 vsftpd 套件
# yum search vsftpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* extras: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* updates: centosa5.centos.org
============================= N/S Matched: vsftpd ============================
vsftpd.i686 : Very Secure Ftp Daemon
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
provides:查詢檔案位於屬於哪個套件
範例:查詢 sshd_config 屬於哪個套件
# yum provides */sshd_config
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* extras: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* updates: centosa5.centos.org
openssh-server-5.3p1-81.el6.i686 : An open source SSH server daemon
Repo : base
Matched from:
Filename : /etc/ssh/sshd_config
clean:清除 repolist 資料
# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Cleaning repos: base epel extras isu updates
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
reinstall:重新安裝
# yum reinstall vsftpd
update/check-update:更新
# yum check-update openssh
erase/remove:移除
# yum remove vsftpd
localinstall:本地套件安裝
# yum localinstall vsftpd
群組安裝相關指令
grouplist
groupinstall
grouperase
groupinfo
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